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Background: Evidence is limited that long-term human exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides, without poisoning, is associated with adverse peripheral nervous system (PNS) function. Objective: To investigate associations between OP pesticide use and PNS function, we administered PNS tests to 701 male pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS). Methods: Participants completed a neurological physical examination (NPx), electrophysiological tests, and tests of hand strength, sway speed and vibrotactile threshold. Self-reported information on lifetime use of 16 OP pesticides was...
Objectives Nickel compounds, inclusive of water-soluble salts, have been classified as human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Nickel producers have disputed the classification of soluble nickel compounds for three decades with reference to an alleged absence of excess respiratory cancer among Canadian nickel-exposed electrolysis workers. We evaluated historical data from two electrolytic refineries in Ontario, both included in prominent Canadian reports on occupational nickel-related cancer. Methods For Port Colborne nickel refinery (PCNR) and Copper Cliff...
The European Chemicals Agency has submitted to the European Commission a recommendation that thirteen Substances of Very High Concern should in future not be used without authorisation. These substances are all classified because of their carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction (or a combination thereof) properties. They are used in applications where there is potential for worker exposure. The protection of human health and the environment is at the heart of REACH. Making these thirteen Substances of Very High Concern (SVHCs) subject to authorisation seeks to ensure that their risks are...
Objectives We investigated the association between occupational exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) and the risk of uveal melanoma using international data of a case–control study from nine European countries. Methods After exclusion of proxy interviews, 280 cases and 3084 control subjects were included in the final analysis. Information on possible exposure to EDC was derived from 27 job-specific questionnaires (JSQ), which solicited detailed questions on occupational tasks. Relative risk estimates were based on the JSQ and potential exposure to a group of endocrine-disrupting...
Objectives This paper aims to investigate the relation between occupational exposure to particles, particle size, and the incidence of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Methods The cohort included all manual workers identified from the Swedish National Census in 1980, who were alive as of 1 January 1987. First time events of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke during the period 1987–2005 were identified through linkage to the Hospital Discharge Register and the National Cause of Death Register. A job-exposure matrix for exposure to small (1 µm) particles was developed and applied. Hazard...
ECHA - the European Chemicals Agency has reflected on how they work and what they can do better. The new website is an example of that. It is much easier to use, simpler to search and more intuitive to navigate around. The website is also written in plainer English and is more informative, particularly for non-scientists. Also, most of the material is available in 22 languages. Source : www.echa.europa.eu
The Nanoparticles from Printer Emissions in Workplace Environments report examined particle emissions from laser printers in office environments. A total of 107 laser printers were examined in offices across Queensland. This research was undertaken by Queensland University of Technology and Workplace Health and Safety Queensland. Precautionary advice from the report on how workplaces can assess and control laser printer particle emissions is summarised on the Information sheet Assessing and controlling laser printer particle emissions in workplace environments. To understand the potential health...
Ce guide du ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux se veut avant tout un outil de référence et de gestion afin de permettre aux gestionnaires des immeubles, au personnel d'entretien des bâtiments et des équipements, ainsi qu'aux intervenants en santé et sécurité du travail, une prise en charge efficace et efficiente de la qualité de l'air intérieur à toutes les étapes du cycle de vie d'un bâtiment et de ses systèmes. Il comporte de précieux renseignements sur : la...
Une étude publiée dans la revue Annals of Neurology montre un lien possible entre l'exposition à certains solvants (trichloréthylène et perchloroéthylène) et la survenue de la maladie de Parkinson. Selon les chercheurs, l'exposition professionnelle augmenterait significativement le risque de développer la maladie. Les solvants sont utilisés dans de nombreux secteurs industriels. On sait depuis longtemps que ces produits chimiques peuvent avoir des effets néfastes sur la santé des salariés exposés...
The potential impact of the use of compressed air for the removal of residual metalworking fluids on health was investigated using a test chamber approach followed by a workplace study. The former had the advantage in that the background levels of particles could be reduced significantly. The greatest risk was found to be dermal exposure due to large droplets of MWF coating the worker's torso and arms. The visualisation of respirable mist using back lighting was not a reproducible phenomenon in either setting but in the test chamber, the use of particle counters revealed that a reduction in...
Les textes choisis illustrent l’une des controverses que suscite aujourd’hui la régulation des nanomatériaux. Comment évaluer leurs risques et, plus précisément, faut-il, pour cela, que les pouvoirs publics définissent les nanomatériaux ? Les réponses proposées par les auteurs de ces différents textes sont très différentes. Prenant appui sur les démarches actuellement engagées par les pouvoirs publics pour définir les nanomatériaux, les deux premiers textes expriment des positions...
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is making available hundreds of studies on chemicals that were previously treated as confidential business information (CBI). EPA Administrator Lisa P. Jackson said the move will increase transparency and enhance the agency's chemicals management program. Newly available information can be found using EPA's Chemical Data Access Tool. Since 2009, 577 formerly confidential chemical identities are no longer confidential and more than 1,000 health and safety studies are now accessible to the public that were previously unavailable or only available...
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) posted a guidance document entitled Guidance to Facilitate Decisions for Sustainable Nanotechnology, which was prepared by the National Risk Management Research Laboratory of the Office of Research and Development. EPA states that it developed the guidance to assist in assessing the sustainability of nanoproducts, and it is intended "to lay the groundwork for developing a decision-support framework through continual updates as research in this area progresses." The foundation of EPA's approach, according to the guidance, is to consider...
Erionite is a naturally occurring mineral that belongs to a group of silicate minerals called zeolites. It is usually found in volcanic ash that has been altered by weathering and ground water. Like naturally occurring asbestos, deposits are present in many Western states (see map). Erionite can occur in a fibrous form. Disturbance of this material can generate airborne fibers with physical properties and health effects similar to asbestos. For example, it has long been known that residents of some Turkish villages where erionite-containing rock was used to construct homes have a remarkably high...
Cette conférence est la première d'un nouveau cycle de conférences internationales organisées par l'INRS sur la recherche en santé au travail. Consacrée cette année aux risques professionnels liés aux nanoparticules et aux nanomatériaux, elle est organisée en partenariat avec le réseau européen PEROSH (Partership for European Research on Safety and Health). Elle porte sur les dangers et les effets sur la santé, les méthodes de caractérisation des nanoparticules et nanomatériaux...
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