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A Progress Report from the NIOSH Nanotechnology Research Center, 2004–2011. This 2012 update presents the program accomplishments of the NTRC from its inception in 2004 through 2011. It includes an analysis of the progress made toward accomplishing the goals and objectives of the NIOSH Strategic Plan for Nanotechnology Research and toward addressing the goals and research needs identified in the U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) research strategy. Source : http://osha.europa.eu/en/news/int-filling-the-knowledge-gaps-for-safe-nanotechnology...
Exposure to hard metal and endotoxin may lead to adverse health effects in sawfilers and sawmill workers. This study examined the association between occupational exposure to these substances and the risk of lung disease and cancer. Subjects from a previous cohort study of BC sawmill workers were linked to information from hospital records and cancer registries. Employment as a sawfiler was found to be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Workers exposed to endotoxin showed a decreased risk of lung cancer, a finding which replicated the results of previous research. Source :...
16 States, 2010–2011 Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is a chronic occupational lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of dust, which triggers inflammation of the alveoli, eventually resulting in irreversible lung damage. CWP ranges in severity from simple to advanced; the most severe form is progressive massive fibrosis (PMF). Advanced CWP is debilitating and often fatal. To prevent CWP, the Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 established the current federal exposure limit for respirable dust in underground and surface coal mines. The Act also established a surveillance system...
HHE Program investigators evaluated symptoms at a poultry processing facility and found that employees who work in areas using super chlorinated water were more likely to report chest tightness, sneezing, dry eyes, blurry vision, and burning or itchy eyes in the previous month than employees who worked in areas that did not use super chlorinated water. Investigators recommended that managers maintain chlorine and other water chemistry parameters within established guidelines and find a more accurate and timely way to monitor the super chlorinated water. Although the ventilation in the building...
Objective: Organic dust inhalation has been associated with adverse respiratory responses among agricultural workers. We evaluated factors that may confer increased susceptibility to these health effects. Methods: We quantified personal work shift exposures to inhalable dust, endotoxin, and its 3-hydroxy fatty acid constituents, and evaluated changes in pulmonary function among 137 grain elevator, cattle feedlot, dairy, and corn farm workers. Results: Increased dust exposure was associated with work shift reductions in lung function. Although interpretation is limited because of small samples,...
Background: Detergents and disinfectants are an emerging cause of work-related rhinitis and asthma. These products may contain ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). The authors report 10 cases of EDTA-related asthma and/or rhinitis. Methods: Review of the medical charts of patients who presented with work-related rhinitis (alone or with asthma), with a history of exposure to aerosols of EDTA-containing products and who underwent a nasal provocation test (NPT) with tetrasodium EDTA (1–4%) in our occupational health unit. Results: Twenty-eight patients underwent a NPT with EDTA, which was...
Objective: To follow-up lung function and airway symptoms in workers exposed to cobalt dust at a hard metal plant. Methods: A total of 582 employees underwent spirometry and completed a questionnaire. A historical exposure matrix was created, assigning figures for historical and recent work-related exposure. Results: At the time of employment, 5% reported symptoms from respiratory tract. At follow-up, 5% suffered from persistent coughing and 7% reported asthma; 20% were daily smokers. Among nonsmokers without asthma, an evident, statistically nonsignificant, dose–response effect was seen...
Objective: Long-term outcomes of asthma related to exposure to workplace dampness are not well known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of patients with asthma related to damp and moldy workplaces and characterize factors influencing QOL. Methods: Using a questionnaire, we followed 1267 patients previously examined for suspected occupational respiratory disease related to exposure to damp and moldy indoor environments. In addition to demographic and other background data, the questionnaire included sections on current employment status, QOL, anxiety and depression...
La présente étude décrit les caractéristiques des 123 travailleurs québécois ayant eu une analyse biométrologique du contenu pulmonaire en fibres entre 1988 et 2007 et atteints d'une maladie professionnelle reliée à l'amiante (amiantose, mésothéliome et cancer pulmonaire). Cette description a été réalisée à partir des données sur la maladie, l'histoire professionnelle et la biométrologie consignées dans les dossiers des travailleurs conservés à...
In a study of non-metal miners in the United States, federal government scientists reported that heavy exposure to diesel exhaust increased risk of death from lung cancer. The study was carried out by researchers from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health, and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, both parts of HHS. Source : http://www.ishn.com/articles/92691-exposure-to-diesel-exhaust-linked-to-lung-cancer-death-in-miners
Objectives The objective of this study was to estimate the mortality from cancer, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases attributable to occupational exposure in Sweden. Methods Estimates were calculated for men and women separately, and we considered only deaths between 25–74 years of age. We considered cancer exposures/sites classified as I or 2a according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Acute myocardial infarction was the only included cardiovascular disease. Respiratory diseases comprised chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) asthma, pneumoconiosis...
Objectives Nickel compounds, inclusive of water-soluble salts, have been classified as human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Nickel producers have disputed the classification of soluble nickel compounds for three decades with reference to an alleged absence of excess respiratory cancer among Canadian nickel-exposed electrolysis workers. We evaluated historical data from two electrolytic refineries in Ontario, both included in prominent Canadian reports on occupational nickel-related cancer. Methods For Port Colborne nickel refinery (PCNR) and Copper Cliff...
Erionite in Road Gravel Associated With Interstitial and Pleural Changes—An Occupational Hazard in Western United States was published in the August 2011 edition of the Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine. The article provides the results of a study to determine the rate of chest radiographic abnormalities among residents of North Dakota potentially exposed to road gravel containing the fibrous mineral erionite. The study found that interstitial, pleural, or both changes typically associated with asbestos exposure were observed in seven (21 per cent) individuals. The primary...
L'exposition aéroportée aux poissons d'eau de mer, crustacés ou mollusques en milieu de travail peut entraîner une rhinite ou un asthme professionnels. Sont principalement concernés les professionnels du secteur de la pêche et de l'industrie agroalimentaire conditionnant, préparant et transformant ces denrées, mais aussi les ouvriers de l'aquaculture en mer et la conchyliculture, les employés du commerce alimentaire (poissonneries, grande distribution), les métiers de la restauration (cuisiniers, traiteurs...) voire...
Workers exposed to particles, fumes, mists, or solutions from beryllium-containing materials may develop beryllium sensitization or chronic beryllium disease, a potentially disabling or even fatal respiratory disease. Source : http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2011-107/
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