Rapport sommaire sur l'expérience de compagnies qui améliorent les conditions de travail de leur personnel au bas de l'échelle
Cette étude porte sur des compagnies qui ont investi dans le personnel se situant au bas de l'échelle corporative. Pendant six années de recherche, nous avons procédé à des études de cas auprès d'entreprises dans neuf pays. Ces compagnies comptent de 27 à 126 000 employés et se spécialisent dans le domaine de l'automobile, des articles personnels, du matériel et de l'équipement informatique, des produits pharmaceutiques, de la production alimentaire, des matériaux de construction et des métaux industriels. Nous avons également travaillé en collaboration avec d'autres industries et détaillants. Nous avons interviewé des employés de tous les niveaux : les travailleurs les moins rémunérés, mais aussi les PDG, les directeurs financiers et les DG, c'est-à-dire ceux qui occupent des postes au sommet de l'échelle corporative. Nous avons obtenu de l'information sur ces entreprises grâce à des bases de données ainsi que des rapports financiers, universitaires, professionnels et médiatiques portant sur les performances économiques et sociales des entreprises.
Source : http://francais.mcgill.ca/files/ihsp/Profit_report_french_final.docx.pdf
Pour plus de détails sur la publication et les auteurs : http://profitatthebottom.org/
Working with portable devices and systems differs markedly from the work with visual display units at workstations which is regulated by the European visual display units (VDU) Directive. While still regarded by many as ‘executive toys’, these systems are increasingly used by salespersons, technical support workers, delivery persons, and restaurant and maintenance staff.
This report addresses the many challenges that the use of mobile devices poses to OSH and gives recommendations for policy and practice. The sources of information that have been reviewed and analysed are – survey results, sales data, manufacturers’ and service providers’ information, published scientific research, market research, data from national authorities, and expert opinions.
The study gives an overview of the technology and its use, the various types of portable computing and communication systems, the tasks they are used for, and the extent to which portable systems are used , the types of workers, and the specific risks they may be exposed to.
Source : http://osha.europa.eu/en/news/EU-Portable-computing-communication-devices
With a work force comprised of 80 percent women and with the potential for future employment shortages, the health care industry must make allowances for workers' lifestyle needs, such as flexible work arrangements, researchers said.
Source : http://ehstoday.com/health/news/health-care-reliance-women-flexible-arrangements-6402/
Responsive Action Steps for the Health Care and Social Assistance Sector
This study addresses patterns of absenteeism in the EU27 and Norway, the costs involved, policies for dealing with absence and general developments in relation to promoting health and well-being. Average rates of absence across Europe are between 3% and 6% of working time and the cost is estimated to be about 2.5% of GDP. While some countries are attempting to control costs, others put the emphasis on promoting health and well-being. The purpose of this study is to outline the overall extent of absence from work and the policies that have been developed to deal with it.
Source : http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/publications/htmlfiles/ef10431.htm
Une nouvelle pièce du puzzle : la mobilité
La section Recherche à l'IRSST du magazine Prévention au travail présente une étude sur l'effet de la mobilité d'emploi, du travail à temps partiel et du statut scolaire sur les risques de lésion professionnelle auxquels sont exposés les jeunes de 16 à 24 ans, comparativement aux travailleurs plus âgés.
Source : http://www.irsst.qc.ca/prevention-au-travail/files/documents/fr/prev/V23_03/17-20.pdf
The present study describes a response to eight tragic deaths over an eighteen month times span on a fast track construction project on the largest commercial development project in U.S. history. Four versions of a survey were distributed to workers, foremen, superintendents, and senior management. In addition to standard Likert-scale safety climate scale items, an open-ended item was included at the end of the survey.
Source : http://media.lasvegassun.com/media/pdfs/blogs/documents/2010/07/05/gittleman.pdf
Adolescents and young adults experience higher risks of occupational injuries and fatalities compared to adults. Consequently, understanding the risk and protective factors of a young worker through a developmental lens is all the more compelling. The following manuscript describes the developmental processes of adolescence using a bioecological framework. It describes how factors such as neuromaturation, pubertal development, physical growth, and social contexts may place youth at greater risk of injury and other negative outcomes in the work environment. The emphasis of the paper is on the developmental processes specific to adolescence, but discussed in the larger contexts of macro forces such as policies, schools, and families. Implications of developmental factors on work-based practices and policies are also discussed.
Source : http://www.ijoeh.com/index.php/ijoeh/article/viewArticle/1235
Les conditions de vie et de travail générées par la précarité d’emploi nous apparaissent comme partie prenante de la construction du rapport au travail. Les travailleurs et travailleuses précaires sont susceptibles de vivre intensément la contradiction entre la centralité du travail, comme vecteur d’intégration sociale, et les difficultés à réussir leur intégration professionnelle.
http://www.erudit.org/revue/nps/2002/v15/n1/008264ar.html
Impact sur les conditions de travail et de vie des salariés
Le fait de travailler la nuit n'est ni naturel, au regard des rythmes chronobiologiques, ni sans risques, sur longue période, pour la santé des travailleurs ou la qualité de leurs conditions de vie.
Il est vrai que certains avantages ou accommodements peuvent être trouvés à travailler la nuit, comme des repos et des majorations de salaires accordés en compensation. Ces éléments ne doivent cependant pas occulter l'impact négatif du travail de nuit à plus ou moins long terme, souligné par de nombreuses études, en particulier pour la santé, avec des troubles du sommeil, des risques cardiovasculaires, voire un accroissement des risques de cancers, mais aussi au regard des conditions de travail ou de la vie sociale et familiale.
Source : http://www.conseil-economique-et-social.fr/rapport/Avis_F_EDOUARD.pdf
On April 12, 2010, the Occupational Cancer Research Centre and the Institute for Work & Health (IWH) co-hosted a scientific symposium on the health effects of shift work. More than 100 researchers and representatives from the employer, labour and workers' compensation communities — primarily from Ontario, but also other parts of Canada, the United States and Europe — came together in Toronto to participate in the symposium. The aim was to provide an overview from leading scientific experts on research findings about the health effects of shift work, and collectively identify the key gaps in the research evidence. A Summary Report of the proceedings is now available.
Source : http://www.iwh.on.ca/shift-work-symposium
Following the publication of the PRAISE Thematic Report on Fitness to Drive ETSC interviewed the Haulage company Fredso Vognmandsforretning, to gain insight on how even a small company can invest in road safety, notably by addressing drink driving through the use of alcolocks.
Source : http://osha.europa.eu/en/news/eu-etsc-sme-good-practice-on-alcohol-and-fittness-to-drive
Dossier spécial dans Travail & changement, No 332, Juillet /Août 2010
http://www.anact.fr/portal/pls/portal/docs/1/4298377.PDF
58-64 year-old women in professional occupations have the highest incidence of disability pension due to mental disorder. Most of these disability pensions are depression related. Among younger age groups, however, also schizophrenia and other psychoses were common causes of disability pensions due mental health reasons.
The data appears in the study Occupations and disability pensions, which examined the incidence of disability pensions in the years 1997-2006.
The report in Finnish with a summary in English : http://www.stm.fi/c/document_library/get_file?folderId=1082856&name=DLFE-11710.pdf
In Australia, as a consequence of the high level of asbestos consumption in the past, large volumes of in-situ asbestos are still present in many older buildings and in water and sewerage pipes. Significant adverse health effects, such as lung cancer, mesothelioma and asbestosis can arise from exposure to airborne asbestos fibres which can be generated when these in-situ asbestos containing materials are disturbed. However, safe work practices such as those defined in regulations on management and control of in-situ asbestos can prevent potential exposure to airborne asbestos fibres.
It was unknown whether these safe work practices were being followed in Australia, especially among workers with high potential risk of exposure, such as construction and maintenance workers. This led Safe Work Australia to commission the Asbestos Exposure and Compliance Study of Construction and Maintenance Workers. The study targeted four trades: electricians, carpenters, plumbers and painters. The study was completed in 2009 and a descriptive research report was published in February 2010.
Source : http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/swa/AboutUs/Publications/AsbestosExposureandComplianceStudyofConstructionandMaintenanceWorkersFollow-upReport.htm
Organisations deal with occupational safety and health (OSH) in different ways: some organisations have little expertise in OSH and basically react to related problems (such as occupational accidents, work-related diseases) as they arise in a reactive way. Others deal with OSH issues in a more systematic way by carrying out periodic risk assessments, putting in place action plans, monitoring preventive measures, etc. Some organisations go one step further and act in a more proactive way by integrating OSH management into other management systems (e.g. quality, environment).
The way OSH management is implemented is very important. The literature review included in this report reveals that sound OSH management, integrated into an organisation's overall management and business, is one of the main success factors to ensure improvements in workers' health and safety.
Source : http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/mainstreaming_osh_business
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