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A randomized controlled trial Objective : Previously we reported that early part-time sick leave enhances return to work (RTW) among employees with musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). This paper assesses the health-related effects of this intervention. Methods : Patients aged 18–60 years who were unable to perform their regular work due to MSD were randomized to part- or full-time sick leave groups. In the former, workload was reduced by halving working time. Using validated questionnaires, we assessed pain intensity and interference with work and sleep, region-specific disability due to MSD...
OBJECTIVE: To use a 2-part model to identify biographic, injury, educational, and vocational predictors of postinjury employment and the percentage of time employed after spinal cord injury (SCI) onset. DESIGN: Survey. SETTING: Data were collected at 3 hospitals in the Southeastern and Midwestern United States. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were adults with traumatic SCI of at least 1 year duration, all under 65 years at the time of SCI onset. A total of 1329 observations were used in the analysis. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Postinjury employment, defined by whether the...
L'exposition à une surcharge peut-elle entraîner des changements dans la cinématique du genou et contribuer au développement de la gonarthrose ? L'ostéoarthrose du genou, communément appelé gonarthrose, est la plus susceptible de causer des incapacités fonctionnelles ou occupationnelles chroniques lorsque comparée à d'autres articulations. Une forte prévalence de gonarthrose est rapportée chez les travailleurs qui occupent un emploi soumettant les genoux à une surcharge mécanique. Dans cette...
Tanaka H et al. (2011). Functional and occupational characteristics associated with very early return to work after stroke in Japan. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , 92 (5): 743-748. To examine clinical, functional, and occupational factors associated with very early return to work after stroke, and to identify factors manageable through occupational arrangements, patient education, and other welfare programs. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Acute care of the first stroke event in 21 acute care hospitals specializing in clinical and occupational health. Participants...
Study Objective: To examine sleep disturbances as a predictor of cause-specific work disability and delayed return to work. Design: Prospective observational cohort study linking survey data on sleep disturbances with records of work disability (≥ 90 days sickness absence, disability pension, or death) obtained from national registers. Setting: Public sector employees in Finland. Participants: 56,732 participants (mean age 44.4 years, 80% female), who were at work and free of work disability at the study inception. Measurements and Results: During a mean follow-up of 3.3 years, incident diagnosis...
Rehabilitation clinicians routinely make judgments about the capacity of individuals to return to work following whiplash injury, which can have serious implications for individuals' continued access to salary indemnity benefits. The present study examined the validity and determinants of these judgments. During a standardized rehabilitation intervention, data regarding demographic factors, crash characteristics, pain severity, range of motion, pain-related psychological functioning, as well as change in the latter three factors over the course of treatment were collected for 104 whiplash-injured...
The psychosocial risk factors of depression, anxiety, anger/ hostility, and social isolation have a significant effect on cardiac disease comparable with other highly publicized risk factors. This study assesses the validity of the Psychosocial Risk Factor Survey (PRFS) to conveniently assess all of these primary risk factors in cardiac patients at once. METHODS: Two samples totaling 364 cardiac patients were administered the PRFS and various widely accepted independent-comparison tests measuring depression, anxiety, anger/hostility, social isolation, and emotional guardedness. The researchers...
There is little qualitative insight into how persons with chronic whiplash-associated disorder cope on a day-to-day basis. This study seeks to identify the symptoms persons with whiplash-associated disorder describe as dominating and explore their self-initiated coping strategies. Methods: Qualitative study using focus groups interviews. Fourteen Norwegian men and women with whiplash-associated disorder (I or II) were recruited to participate in two focus groups. Data were analyzed according to a phenomenological approach, and discussed within the model of Cognitive Activation Theory of Stress...
This study examined the association between return-to-work (RTW) outcomes and sociodemographic, clinical, and work characteristics among a cohort of injured workers who underwent knee surgery between 2001–2005 in British Columbia, Canada. Source : http://www.sjweh.fi/show_abstract.php?abstract_id=2901
A new site provides guidance for the retention, reintegration and rehabilitation of workers who have suffered chronic diseases, and how to retain these workers in the work process. The site is an outcome of a pan-European project on the topic and addresses very diverse risks from cancer, musculoskeletal disorders to multiple sclerosis and infectious diseases such as hepatitis and AIDS. The project was supported by the European Social Fund. The documentary tool kit provides information as well as recommendations for the use of OSH and other prevention actors, such as ergonomists, OSH practitioners...
Stroke is a life-threatening event that has a devastating impact on young adults and their families. The author conducted a systematic review of the qualitative literature to explore the experience of stroke from the perspective of young adults. Four primary research 'papers' were analyzed using the Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument; 60 findings were extracted from the papers and merged into 13 categories, from which three synthesized findings were developed - disorientation, disrupted sense of self, and roles and relationships. Many of the effects of stroke are 'invisible'...
Objectives: To assess the influence of occupational exposures on risk of site-specific radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee, hand, foot, and cervical spine. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, data collected from men and women aged 40 years and older participating in the Clearwater Osteoarthritis Study were analyzed (n = 3436). Subjects' occupational exposures were queried using the study intake form, including stair climbing, standing on a rigid surface, squatting, and jolting. Physical examinations including radiographs of the knee, hand, foot, and cervical spine were conducted...
The prevalence of mental health problems such as depression and anxiety in the Swedish population is increasing and individuals' daily occupations are seriously affected. Occupational therapy groups have long been used in mental health services. Now, with the increase in the number of outpatients and the current principle of patients' participation there is a need for further knowledge of this group of patients' perspective on the method. The aim of this study was thus to explore how outpatients in mental health services experience treatment in occupational therapy groups and what significance...
Objective . The aim of this study was to identify the treatment packages (combinations of interventions) used to treat postural control and mobility problems for patients with stroke. Method . A convenience sample of 74 physiotherapists from 34 National Health Service hospitals recorded the interventions used to treat postural control and mobility problems for 251 patients with stroke in 1156 treatment sessions using the Stroke Physiotherapy Intervention Recording Tool (Tyson and Selley, Disabil Rehabil 2004;26:1184 - 1188). Descriptive statistics assessed the frequency with which the interventions...
In the past decade in activities aiming at return-to-work (RTW), there has been a growing awareness to change the focus from sickness and work disability to recovery and work ability. To date, this process in occupational health care (OHC) has mainly been directed towards employees. However, within the working population there are two vulnerable groups: temporary agency workers and unemployed workers, since they have no workplace/employer to return to, when sick-listed. For this group there is a need for tailored RTW strategies and interventions. Therefore, this paper aims to describe the structured...
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